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THE proportion of women graduates in low-paid jobs such as school secretaries, nursery nurses and receptionists has more than doubled in the past decade, according to a report by the equality watchdog.
Research carried out by the Equal Opportunities Commission (EOC) shows that the proportion of female graduates in such jobs rose from 5.4% to 13.2% between 1995 and 2005, compared with a rise from 4.3% to 7.1% for male graduates.
The figures confirm that the expansion of university education in the past 20 years has significantly devalued the worth of a degree in the job market.
The proportion of female graduates in higher-level jobs – such as company directors, doctors and senior civil servants – declined sharply from 64.9% to 45.3%. Male graduates slipped less, from 75.8% to 61%.
Caroline Slocock, chief executive of the EOC, blamed employers for not providing flexibility. “When women have children they often want to work part-time, but can’t while maintaining their positions and increasing their prospects,” she said.
The report, to be published this week, also finds women who have children in their thirties have better established careers and greater bargaining power.
Lynda Gratton, professor of management practice at the London Business School, said women were favouring careers that offer a better quality of life: “Our own research suggests women are increasingly taking work that is meaningful, interesting and resonates with their life-style and not just because they cannot get flexible work.”
The data in the report, entitled Poor Returns: Winners and Losers in the Job Market, was collected from labour force surveys.
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Unfortunately, I appear to have just had my first experience of the differences between how men and women are viewed in the workplace. I have never considered myself to be a staunch feminist, and have laughed off claims from both my university colleagues and various articles about the gap between male and female recruitment. Until today....I have just returned from an assessment centre, whereby 300 applicants were telephone interviewed to choose attendees. Out of these 300, 6 whom attended were female. I got into the last eight with one other female (we were the only two attending who had Masters degree - mine a distinction), and you'll never guess which two out of the eight finalists were dropped at the last minute!! I sincerely hope this is not replicated everywhere, as the thought of being jobless after 5 years of degrees leaves me despondent to say the least. I'll just wear a beard to the next interview...........
Alexandra, Sheffield, S Yorkshire
I agree that the value of a degree has fallen in the eyes of employers now that everyone seems to go on to further study but, as a female Oxford graduate in a junior clerical post, I can't honestly agree with Laura's claim that 'it is the quality of the degree and the quality of the university attended that attract top employers.' Most of my male friends who graduated from Oxford are earning at least one payscale above what I earn and none are in administrative jobs. I am a top graduate with good experience in parliamentary research, excellent interview skills and and a long CV, and out of over 20 job applications to various companies/employers, only 2 offered me an interview let alone a job. Both interviews were for the position of Administrative Assistant.
I'm afraid I remain to be convinced that employers do not favour men over women for higher paid jobs.
Jen, Oxford,
It may not be politically correct to say so, but this article misses a major point. Over the past decade many more people have become university educated, often at new universities studying subjects which are not seen by employers as sufficiently academic. Therefore as a percentage of the now much larger total, it is not surprising that many people are unable to find high paid graduate work. Those that got C and D A-level grades are not going to end up as company directors or doctors. This may be harsh, but it is the reality.
It is an unpopular fact, but in an age where many more people study at university, a degree in itself does not mean anything - it is the quality of the degree and the quality of the university attended that attract top employers.
Laura, St. Albans, UK
"When women have children they often want to work part-time, but cant while maintaining their positions and increasing their prospects"
But men can't, and indeed have never been able to, maintain positions and increase prospects while working part-time. Equality is equality, no?
Guy Hammond, St Albans, England
"the expansion of university education in the past 20 years has significantly devalued the worth of a degree " - how can this possibly come as a surprise to anyone? The school leaving age has in effect been raised to 21 - and for what purpose? Now that about 35% of 18 year olds go to university, a first degree's value now has about the job-purchasing power that 5 O levels used to, at the cost of 5 further years' education and £20,000 of accumulated debt.
W.S Gilbert summed it up: "When everybody's somebody, then no-one's anybody!"
Gill, Southampton, UK
Better quality of life = easier job, the reason less women are in top jobs is simply because men do a better job, a lot of women only go into employment to find a wealthy husband that can look after them anyhow..
Man about the house, London, UK